Glândula submandibular de ratos com envelhecimento: observações ao microscópio eletrônico de varredura de alta resolução / Submandibular gland of rats with ageing: observations with high resolution scanning electron microscopy

As características tridimensionais dos componentes intracelulares de células acinares e de ductos foram reveladas usando o método ósmio-DMSO-ósmio. As amostras foram maceradas em solução de tetróxido de ósmio diluído após a fratura na solução de dimetil sulfoxido. As lamelas do retículo endoplasmático granular são reveladas entremeadas por várias mitocôndrias. As lamelas do retículo endoplasmático granular são localizados ao redor dos núcleos na porção basal e estas estruturas são observadas em imagens tridimensionais de microscopia eletrônica de alta resolução.

The three-dimensional characteristics of the intracellular components of acinar and ductal cells were revealed using the osmium-DMSO-osmium method. The samples were macerated in diluted osmium after fractured in DMSO solution. The stacks of the rough endoplasmic reticulum are revealed intermingling by several mitochondria. The lamellae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum are located around the nuclei at basal portion and these structures are shown in three-dimensional HRSEM images.

Análise microscópica do efeito da radioterapia fracionada em glândula submandibular de rato / Microscopic analysis of the effect of fractionated radiation therapy on submandibular gland of rats

OBJETIVO: O estudo teve por objetivo avaliar, quantitativamente, as alterações histológicas induzidas pela radioterapia sobre o parênquima e o estroma da glândula submandibular. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: A amostra foi constituída por 30 ratos Wistar, distribuídos em dois grupos: teste e controle. Os 15 animais do grupo-teste foram submetidos a radioterapia da região de cabeça e pescoço, na modalidade fracionada rotacional por cobalto-60, na dose de 60 Gy, realizada em frações de 2 Gy diários, por seis semanas. Decorridas 60 horas da conclusão da radioterapia, as glândulas submandibulares dos animais de ambos os grupos foram excisadas, processadas pela técnica da parafina, coradas com hematoxilina e eosina e analisadas à microscopia óptica. O volume proporcional médio correspondente ao parênquima e ao estroma glandulares foi obtido pelo método estereológico de contagem manual de pontos. RESULTADOS: O volume proporcional de ácinos no grupo irradiado (60,67 por cento ± 6,43) foi significativamente menor que no grupo-controle (67,42 por cento ± 10,90) (p = 0,048), entretanto, não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos para as variáveis parênquima, ductos e estroma (teste t de Student, p > 0,05). CONCLUSÃO: O esquema radioterápico empregado provocou atrofia acinar da glândula submandibular, sem, no entanto, ocorrer alteração quantitativa total do estroma ou do parênquima.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to quantitatively evaluate the histological changes produced by radiation therapy both on the stroma and the parenchyma of submandibular gland in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample size consisted of 30 Wistar rats, divided in two groups: test and control. The 15 animals of the test group were irradiated daily on the head and neck region with a dose of 2 Gy for six weeks using a rotational fractionated modality of 60Co-gamma rays. At the end of the experimental period the animals had received a total dose of 60 Gy. Sixty hours after the last radiation therapy session the submandibular glands of the animals from both groups were excised, processed using paraffin technique, stained with hematoxiline-eosin and analyzed by optical microscopy. RESULTS: The mean proportional volume of the glandular parenchyma and stroma was obtained using a stereological method of manual point counting. The proportional volume of the acini on the irradiated group (60.67% ± 6.43) was significantly lower than the control group (67.42% ± 10.90) (p = 0.048), however there was no statistical difference between the groups for parenchyma, ducts and stroma (Student t test, p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The radiation therapy produced acinar atrophy in submandibular glands. No total quantitative changes in the stroma or in the parenchyma were observed

Morphology of the submandibular gland of the gerbil meriones unguiculatus: a macroscopic and light microscopy study

La morfología de la glándula submandibulardel gerbil fue estudiada macro y microscópicamente. Diez gerbiles fueron anestesiados, perfundidos e inyectados con formalina al 10 por ciento. La región cervical anterior de cada animal fue disecada para efectuar el análisis macroscópico de la glándula submandibular. Para el análisis histológico, las piezas fueron fijadas en la misma solución e incluidas en parafina para los procesos de rutina. Cortes seriados de 6-um fueron teñidos con hematoxilina-eosina y picrosirius, para análisis al microscopio de luz. Los resultados mostraron que la glándula submandibular de gerbil presentaba una forma ovoidea y localizada en la región submandibular, midiendo aproximadamente 9.0 mm de longitud y 5.9 mm de ancho. Histológicamente, cada acino estaba constituido por cuatro tipos de células dispuesta irregularmente. El sistema de ductos constaba de cuatro segmentos distintos: ductos intercalar, granuloso, estriado y excretor

Expression of volume-activated anion channels in exocrine acinar cells

No abstract available.

Control of Na+ channels in salivary duct cells

No abstract available.

Grau de precisäo na avaliaçäo morfométrica do número de células / Precision degree in the morphometric cell number evaluation

Os autores apresentam com o intuito de divulgaçäo, um método para se estimar o grau de precisäo na avaliaçäo morfométrica do número absoluto de células em um orgäo. Este método permitirá ao pesquisador durante a fase de planejamento do projeto de pesquisa, calcular à partir de contagens iniciais, o tamanho da amostra (número total de campos histológicos) necessário para se trabalhar com um nível pré-estabelecido de erro nas avaliaçöes. Este fato é muito importante porque, às vezes, dependendo do objetivo do trabalho, um grau muito alto de precisäo pode näo ser necessário, nesse caso, estabelecendo-se um coeficiente de variaçäo aceitável, ocorrerá um enorme ganho no consumo de tempo

Morphologic study of submandibular gland in monkey (cebus apella)

En el mono Cebus apella, las glándulas salivales submandibulares se localizan en la área cervical, lateralmente a tráquea y están constituidas morfológicamente por cuatro tipos de células parenquimatosas que forman diferentes estructuras: 1. Acinos: que presentan células secretoras seromucosas, mucosas y mioepiteliales. Las células secretoras tienen retículo endoplásmico rugoso y complejo de Golgi desarrollados lo que permite a éstas una gran capacidad de síntesis, además presentan una acumulación considerable de gránulos de secreción. 2. Ductos intercalares: se caracterizan por tener células epiteliales cuboidales simples y células mioepiteliales. Los ductos conectan las células secretoras a los ductos granulosos y presentan escencialmente una función excretora. 3. Ductos estriados: consisten en células columnares altas con pliegues extensos en su membrana en las zonas basal y lateral. Presentan una cantidad pequeña de retículo endoplásmico rugoso y de gránulos, lo que sugiere una función de transporte de iones y agua. 4. Ductos excretores: constituidos por células columnares altas y forman la porción final de la vía excretora

Histological and ultrastructural study of submandibular salivary gland alterations following diclofenac sodium administration [experimenttal study]

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of diclofenac sodium on the submandibular salivary gland through the light microscope [using H and E stain] and the transmission electron microscope. Light microscopical examination revealed structural degeneration and vacuolization of acinar cells in diclofenac sodium treated rats, with dilatation of the ductal lumina and apparent chronic inflammatory cells infiltration together with red blood cells extravasation. The examination of the submandibular salivary glands of treated rats, in electron microscope, revealed the serous acinar cells with vacuolated cytoplasm and few cytoplasmic organelles. There was extensive coalescence of the mucous secretory granules and the lumina of the mucous acini were abnormally distended and filled with the mucous secretory materials. In both serous and mucous acinar cells, the mitochondria were few and altered, while the rough endoplasmic reticulum was significantly inconspicuous. The nuclei were heterochromatic with irregular nuclear outlines

Apertura palpebral prematura experimental y desarrollo neuronal en la rata recién nacida / Experimental premature eyelid openingand neuron development in new-born rats

Los extractos de glándula submaxilar (EGS) de ratón induce apertura prematura de los párpados en ratas recién nacidas. En animales sometidos a ciclos alternos de luz-obscuridad y con EGS, las neuronas de la corteza visual exhiben, en la dendrita principal, más espinas y un mayor grado de ramificación que los controles, en tanto que en animales mantenidos en obscuridad total y con EGS, únicamente disminuyen las espinas dendríticas, mientras que el grado de ramificación es mayor comparado con los controles.

Morphometric study of the acinar cell development of mouse submandibular glands during the post natal period

It was studied the phases and rate of growth of the acinar cell population of the submandibular glands of male albino Swiss mice from 14 to 84 days of postnatal life. The frequency and absolute number of acinar cells were evaluated by morphometric counting methods using the light microscope. Cell frequency fluctuated throughout the study period from an initial value of 31,8 per cent to a final value of 36,6 per cent. The absolute number of acinar cells showed two distinct phases of significant growth, i.e., from 14 to 21 and from 28 to 84 days of development. Cell number did not increase between 21 and 28 days. Linear regression analysis yielded the following equation for the evolution of number of acinar cells from 14 to 84 days : Y= 149,44 + 2,54 (x-40). Mean daily acinar cell accumulation calculated by the equation was 2,54 x 10 pot.5 cells/day

A Study on the Diverticular Enlargement of the Rat's Submandibular Duct (II)

The occurrence of the submandibular duct reservoir was reported by Butcher (1972). Its form and functional volume (Schneyer, 1975) and the development of the submandibular complex (Kim, 1975) were studied. The shape of the cells in the epithelial lining of the reservoir had not been determined as yet. So via the techniques of histology and histochemical enzymatic activity, the epithelial lining and the function of the reservoir were investigated. The epithelial lining of the reservoir was not uniform in all regions. The proximal portion of the reservoir was lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium and the distal portion was lined by stratified columnar or cuboidal epithelium. Acid phosphatase activity in the epithelial lining of the reservoir was observed as well as in the acini, granular convoluted duct and striated duct of the submandibular gland proper.